World War II free essay sample

A historical study on World War II. This paper provides a chronological overview of World War II, from 1939-1945. It begins with depression torn Germany and ends with the United States bombing Japan at Hiroshima with the first atomic bomb. The paper describes the nations leaders and their political alliances, including Hitler, Churchill, Stalin and Roosevelt. The author describes the tools and battles of warfare that lead to the Allied Nations victory World War II, which took place from 1939-1945, was waged by the Allied Nations as a struggle for freedom against the evil and totalitarian regimes that existed in Germany, Italy and Japan. Leaders of the War There were several leaders that made decisions that contributed to the start and end of WWII. Adolf Hitler, who became the leader of Germany during the Great Depression, is blamed for WWII. He raised German spirits by telling them of a better future and a better Germany. We will write a custom essay sample on World War II or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But in reality, he gave them a war.

Famous and Wise Quotes About Friendship

Famous and Wise Quotes About Friendship What more can you ask God for, if you have already been gifted a good friend? True friends are difficult to find. Friendship is a flower that needs to be nurtured. Over a period of time, friendship blossoms and makes your life fragrant with love and energy. And should you need a shoulder to lean on, friendship provides you with a strong one. Read these famous quotes about friendship and gain from the experience of the experienced. Euripedes Real friendship is shown in times of trouble; prosperity is full of friends. Marlene Dietrich It is the friends that you can call at 4 a.m. that matter. George Jean Nathan Love demands infinitely less than friendship. Mahatma GandhiIt is easy enough to be friendly to ones friends. But to befriend the one who regards himself as your enemy is the quintessence of true religion. The other is mere business. Pam Brown Odd how much it hurts when a friend moves away and leaves behind only silence. Aristotle Friendship is a single soul dwelling in two bodies. Proverb God save me from my friends I can protect myself from my enemies. Mark Twain The proper office of a friend is to side with you when you are in the wrong. Nearly anybody will side with you when you are in the right. Elbert Hubbard Your friend is the man who knows all about you, and still likes you. Nigerian Proverb Hold a true friend with both your hands. Anais NinEach friend represents a world in us, a world possibly not born until they arrive, and it is only by this meeting that a new world is born. Emily DickinsonMy friends are my estate. Leo BuscagliaA single rose can be my garden... a single friend, my world. Anne Morrow LindberghMen kick friendship around like a football but it doesnt seem to break. Women treat it like glass and it goes to pieces. David Tyson GentryTrue friendship comes when the silence between two people is comfortable. Aristotle My best friend is the man who in wishing me well wishes it for my sake. C. S. LewisFriendship is born at that moment when one person says to another, What! You too? I thought I was the only one. Albert Camus How can sincerity be a condition of friendship? A taste for truth at any cost is a passion which spares nothing.

Final exam economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final exam economics - Assignment Example --True 37. The â€Å"Swedish model† of providing maximum income security was a major factor in causing Sweden’s GDP per capita to increase relative to that of other European countries and the U.S. after the 1960s and 1970s. --True 48. Today, the U.S., with 5 percent of world population, produces 22 percent of world GDP; while Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, with 7 percent or world population, produce 6 percent of world GDP. --True 66. Among the factors leading to the decline of the planned socialist economies are lack of technological progress, diminishing returns to capital, inefficiency, problems with incentives, and the complexity of planning. --True 70. Economists believe that differences in initial conditions, policy measures, and environmental factors are important determinants of differences in economic performance among transition economies. --True 99. Although private-sector employment as a percentage of total employment varied widely among transition economies in the early stages of transition, in later stages there has been very little variation in relative private-sector employment.

Consumer Law Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Consumer Law Master - Case Study Example These are the Trade Descriptions Act 1968 and Unfair Contract Terms Act. In order to critically discuss how consumer law can protect the interest of the consumer, it is essential to analyze the case study. Duck visited the showroom of Swan and looked at a television set priced at 500. He asked Swan about the set. Swan replied: "It's a beautiful model, never used, a snip at 500." In fact some of the internal wiring was not properly connected and the set had been switched on and used as a display unit in Swan's showroom for three days prior to Duck's visit. In this situation, and according to the Trade Descriptions Act, Swan is subject to the criminal offence as the one who has provided his consumer with misleading information. According to the Act, the description to the consumer may be given verbally or in the written form, thus there is no possibility for Swan to be justified on the basis of the information having been given in the oral form (Budnitz, 2004). The Act makes the verbal statement, including misleading information, an offence and thus it is a criminal action. ... However, there is also a question about what descriptions are to be supposed as trade under the act and is there any possibility for Swan to avoid penalty in this relation. The Act includes the following types of descriptions into the trade descriptions category: quantity, gauge or size of the goods; manufacture method; composition; performance, strength and fitness for purpose, which means that the goods should be mechanically sound and unbreakable, etc. In the situation described, it is clear that the misleading information provided by Swan, is included into the paragraph relating to the performance, strength of the TV set, and the fact that it must be mechanically sound. Thus, knowing the problem of the TV set and the wrong connections inside it, Swan has intentionally committed an offence and is subject to the penalties according to the Trade Descriptions Act 1968. As far as it is known that the statement made is false, it is also supposed to be a criminal offence under the Act, and as Swan is not a simple employee but is supposed to be a manager, he can be sued and subjected to these penalties, however the Act presupposes that any person guilty of intentional or unintentional mislead bears responsibility under the law. The maximum penalty is equal to 5,000 per offence. This penalty is provided by the Magistrates' Court; as for the crown Court, the fine size is unlimited, while the person guilty of misleading the customer may acqu ire up to two years of imprisonment. It is possible that Swan may lose his consumer credit license, but according to the situation described it is supposed that he does not have this license, having an agreement with Chicken-Credit Ltd,

The retail mix analysis for Zara in uk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The retail mix analysis for Zara in uk - Essay Example Competitive Advantage in Zara Zara in the United Kingdom is a successful Fashion that has been in existence for over five years and has kept a high profile as a supply chain. The administration of Zara has been reporting the contributing factors to the retailer’s achievements as the use of modern information exchange. The first element of competitive advantage of Zara is majorly proper monitoring and study of the dynamic consumer needs. Zara through the Marketing Department conducts systematic research on the specific needs of the fast fashion consumers in order to provide relevant services and design items (Tadros, 2010). This has led to sustainable business due to unique designs and fashions for customer orders. The second aspect of competitive advantage is Financial Leveraging. Zara through partnership with other fast fashion retail chain stores in the UK manages to access adequate funding for its production and operational costs. This enables Zara to triumph against its cl ose competitors such as Top-Shop and Mango. Partnership enables Zara to spread its financial obligation and deficits that may arise to the partners and eases the financial burden of entire organization (Laermer & Simmons, 2007). Thirdly, Zara has a systematic and strategic implementation of the fast fashion model, which allows flexibility of decision making by allowing members staff to get involved in decision making indirectly through contribution of ideas. As this takes place, and indeed, it really happens, it applies creativity, technicality and excellence in production among other departments through the sharing of information. Fourth, Zara exercises teamwork (Pahl & Mohring, 2009). As they work in a big team, the members of staff nurture the potential to make valid decisions and at the right speed. It also becomes easier to implement the emerging needs for changes in the manufacturing sector in a profound fast fashion system. The team building takes the decision makers through the ordinary models to construct aspects of flexibility in the lines of production. Finally, there is a perpetual accessibility of information, which makes Zara to predict the future market needs based on the changes in fashions and styles in the rapidly transforming markets and the changing trends of economic development. 2. SWOT Analysis of Zara 2.1. Strength Zara has a number of strengths that enables it to have an upper hand against its competitors. First, Zara is able to access large quantities of stock based on its leveraging and access to finances. It is a boosting factor for its production targets, by which it stands to gain through the economy scale. Majority of its competitors do not have stable cash flow, hence they do not hold as much stock as Zara (Kardes et al., 2011). An Example of such competitors is Mango. The second strength for Zara is the establishment of market and research through which it produces relevant and fast moving products and services. Zara keeps a go od track of the market products and identifies the relevant needs and specifications of customers. Zara does a proper market study through its marketing promotions and gathers the consumer opinions to enable the production sector to adopt the emerging customer requirement. Fast fashion business has thus favored Zara since it began its implementation of flexibility in production brands. 2.2. Weakness Zara, like other fast fashion chain stores in the UK has its weaknesses, which poses a risk of losses and a

Fonterra Current Organizational Restructuring Marketing Essay

Fonterra Current Organizational Restructuring Marketing Essay This Report has been designed to identify the Fonterra current organizational restructuring which could be applied to help the organisation to take advantage of strategic opportunities in the global market. The first part of industrial environment deals with the firms relation with consumers, suppliers and the competitors operating environment and to develop strategies the firm most favorably in relation to competition and influence industry structure in order to enhance industry attractiveness. (Robert M. Grant, 7th edition, p12 p.64) The Second part of environment covers Fonterras stated mission, vision, targets, strategies, goals, objectives and values, structure and the systems. The suitability of these strategies to the operating firm environment are then evaluated and the change of strategy development is recommended. (Robert et.al, p.12) The report also indulges with the micro and macro environmental, present structure and evolution of Fonterra, key strategic issues. It also contain SWOT analysis and other factors faced by Fonterra. Overview Fonterra at glance Fonterra is a dairy company, which was formed in October 2001, and since than it has an excelled and enlarged the milk processing and at present became the fourth largest dairy company in the world. The annual turnover of Fonterras is NZ$16 billion, with a milk production in of 14.76 billion litres in New Zealand. They have built very powerful relation with the other dairy companies globally and hence partnerships extent the world. Fonterra believes in the interest of people so that they can increase their global market. (Fonterra Co-operative Group, 2010) Fonterra is the global massive diary exporter with 11,000 farmers which also act as a shareholder of the company. With its 15,600 employees which help to supply milk and process milk into the dairy products. 95% of dairy products are made in New Zealand are exported to virtually 140 countries in world. Main hubs of Fonterra are located in Auckland, Melbourne, Chicago, Singapore, Amsterdam, Tokyo, Shangai and Sao Paulo. All the sales and marketing is operate and managed by this principal hubs.14.76 billion litres of milk is collected every year. (Fonterra Co-operative group, 2011) Fonterras strategy is to lead in dairy. The management team of Fonterra is as following Theo Spearings Chief Executive Officer Jonathan Mason Chief Financial Officer Maury Leyland Group General Manager Strategy Paul Campbell Group General Manager Mergers and Acquisitions Ian Palliser Group Optimisation and Supply Chain Todd Muller Managing Director Co-Operative Affairs Gary Romano Managing director New Zealand Milk John Doumani Managing Director Fonterra Australia Mark Wilson Managing Director ASEAN/Middle East/North Africa Kelvin Wickham Managing Director China/India Alex Turnbull Managing Director Latin America Sarah Kennedy Managing director Fonterra Nutrition Chris Caldwell Managing director (people, culture services) Following are product list which Fonterra create: cheese, yoghurts, cultured foods, butter, liquid, powdered milks. Following below are brand list under Fonterra: ANCHOR, ANLENE, ANMUM, FRESH N FRUITY, MAINLAND, CAPITY, BROWNES, SOPROLE, WESTERN STAR, PERFECT ITALIANO, TIP TOP AND CHESDALE. (Fonterra Co-operative group, 2010) 1.2 Reports Structure and Objectives The report targeted at bringing out the main objectives the vision and developing a strategic plan for company. The Report has been conceptualized to determine the current organizational structure could be implementing to help Fonterra to take strategic opportunities advantage in the global market. Specifically, uttering the dependency on consumer markets and apprehending knowledge as a means to go after value added growth and development through Fonterras alliance and brands. Strategically Fundamentals 2.1 The Industry Strategically Environment Dairy for years have been the key industry in New Zealand. The maiden of dairy company begin in 1871 at Otago. By 1920, 85% of dairy plants were owned by individual or co-operatives and there were about 600 processing factories. By 1930s the number dip to almost 500 co-operatives but after World War 2 there was a lot change in these dairy factories in terms of transportation, technologies and working systems which bought a change in the system of working and then the dairy co-operatives started unite with the other manufacturing companies or plants and since then it became stronger and lesser in number. By the end of 1990s, the four major dairy companies: The Waikato (New Zealand Dairy Group) The Taranaki (Kiwi Co-operative Dairies) Westland Milk Products Tatua Co-operative Dairy Company With the merger of the two biggest companies, New Zealand Dairy Group and Kiwi Co-operative Dairies, Fonterra was come into market along with the New Zealand Dairy Board. Fonterra works on four sales path which all together sells some around 2.3 million MT of product. The channels are as below:- Fonterra Global Trade This is worlds prime online trading pathway through which NZ$1 billion goods were supplied. It included with many dairy commodities like butter, milk, cheese and powder to reach in the markets of Middle East, Asia, America, Africa and Oceania. Fonterra Ingredients this is a specialized channel made for providing the dairy ingredients to manufacturers of four major countries which are US, Korea, China and Western Europe. Fonterra Brands The top brands of Fonterra like Tip Top and Anchor fulfil the needs of consumers in around 40 countries in the world. Fonterra Foodservices Supply dairy ingredients to major customers of fast food chains, hotels, airline catering and restaurants. SWOT Analysis Strength: High quality milk and fast production A calculated business model. Strong world-wide reach. Established relationships with customers. Strong market position Strong consumer positions in many markets. Fanlike product portfolio. Efficient and developed farms.( Fonterra Co-operative Group, 2012) Weakness: Leadership variability affecting the structure of the organizations. New board member. Largest markets are underrepresented in strategic Association of Professionals (Apex) Business structure relating to redemption risk, farmer choice, and capital for growth. (Keith Woodford,2008) Opportunities: Investing in underdeveloped countries which are experiencing rapid growth globally.( Country wide and Fonterra co-operative Group,2012) More demand as compared to supply. India and China alone can have demand for about 50% growth in next 10 years so market is expending. Demand for almost 100 billion litres by 2020. Awareness of good quality product in many countries. Threats: Global demand exceeds the supply New Zealands market restrictions structure and relative low cost may attract the new entrants in the market. Threats from the increasing global competitors. Few organizations can rival the diverse skills found in the business.(Kate Askew, 2012) Flying global Fonterra manufacture the products and distribute and sell ready to use goods all around the world, by which the brand gives a local touch and knowledge. Fonterra aim a close relation with the customers demand and there changes in lifestyles, taste, eating and needs which vary from one market to other market. For example the taste and preference of Asian customers might not be the same as of African and American customers. Hence to meet the customer needs there is a group of local teams knowing the local consumers preferences and habits. (Fonterra Co-operative Group, 2010) The new or existing suppliers of Fonterra : Growth Supply Contract Fonterra provides an opportunity to new supplier to come in and take part in production of goods in organisation which help Fonterra in increase in the milk production by new entrants and existing contracts suppliers. Deposit for new supply The new suppliers dont need to give their deposit 3 months before in Fonterra a new supplier can start by 100% of shares purchased. Owning shares A new suppliers can grow their share capital by growing the supply with sharemilker and can hold their own shares. Maximizing the earnings of the supplier Here at Fonterra a supplier can earn a more profit then its standard payment on supply of milk. Conditions for new land There is a open relation with Fonterra area manager to discuss upon new dairy land. 2.2 The Firm Environment Vision, Strategies, Structure and Goal Mission: Fonterras vision is to be the natural source of dairy nutrition for everybody, everywhere, every day. Fonterra strategy is to spread out in large numbers throughout global, aiming high-value areas of dairy products demand and targeting to achieve it quickly. Fonterra targets to create substantial and long-term relationship with the partners and hold the undertaking from the lowermost level of the organization. (Fonterra cooperative Group, 2010) The strategy of Fonterra is to upgrade the production and bring more and more esteem by focusing much on new markets, and the new products which can meet the consumer wants for dairy requirements. It should be firm and have a heavy look at the strengths, social and economic changes for increasing demand or needs for the dairy products. Fonterra calls it as the three vs.: Volume Value Velocity. (Theo Spierings, 2012) Fonterra here is not only working for profit motive the indulge in work related to this vision and sustainable dairy business the look forward to society and ensure there responsibility towards their employees, partners and as well as their customers. They focus on products which ensure that the customers are safe and healthy and minimise the environmental damage by creating new and healthy products.(Fonterra Co-operative Group, 2010) The Fonterra currently working on more than 100 projects where they have new strength and policies to accomplish its goals.   It includes: A thrilling move on the speedily growing well recognized markets of China, ASEAN and Latin America where Fonterra now has a solid influence. It Trust the New Zealand capital return is from milk business. A high volume of export of milk products to the different parts of world. Increasing size of higher worth consumer branded products and out-of-home nutrition. A firm emphasis on gathering the advanced nutrition wants of mothers and babies, as well as elderly populations maintained by targeted innovation in such areas as well as out-of-home nutrition. (Fonterra Co-operative Group, 2010) Fonterras seven strategic paths: Enhance New Zealand milk Shape and produce beyond our consumers position. Carry on food service potentials. Cultivate our place in mobility. Advance selected chief positions in paediatrics and nurturing. Selectively spend in milk pools Placement of business and organization to empower strategy. ( Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd, 2012) Fonterras aiming on the next generation demand of dairy products and according to survey it is expected that the demand of dairy products by 2019 will be some around in different parts of worlds will be as below: India (highest) 45 million MT China 36 million MT rest of Asia 19 million MT Latin America 18 million MT Middle East/North Africa 13 million MT. With the omission of the trade-sheltered market of India, Fonterra has unshakable positions in each of these markets. Fonterras policy is to build strong customer partnerships with top companies in the food and nutrition trades to become their merchant of choice, and to continue to build its trademarks in such growing markets. With maximum international clients wanting the assurance of a year-round, world-wide stock, Fonterra is gradually supplementing New Zealand-obtained milk with external supply, to deliver supporting to the growth of new consumer dairy goods. In 2010/11, Fonterra obtained 22 billion litres of milk globally, including 20 per cent of Australias production and 24 per cent of Chiles, both the nations where Fonterra has healthy recognised consumer trademark operations. In Latin America it obtained 2.6 billion litres of milk with its co-operative schemes with Nestlà ©. New Zealand alone milk assortment was 15.4 billion litres, alone share about 89 per cent of nations milk production. Development in global finding will stay with Fonterra targeting to mature its own milk production skills within key develop bazaars. China and India can be taken as the new targeted markets. Fonterra always had been extra ordinary nutrition of dairy. For years, its farmers work very hard to give worthy milk to its customer all around the globe. They have their past experience from back generation and, taking care of this tradition which tossed New Zealand in front of whole world in dairy industry. (Fonterra Co-operative Group, 2010) 3 Environmental Scan 3.1 Macro environmental scan The demand of milk by worldwide consumers is expected more than 100 billion litters by 2020, as there is monetary growth and huge population in markets which is definitely pushing the overall demand; however New Zealand is just contributing 5 billion litres of total milk supply by that time. The increasing demand is the sign to Fonterra to increase its production so that they can cover up the world demand as a leading dairy exporter. It is noticed that the demand milk is more especially by young and the elderly which are receiving more urgent and specific.(Theo Spierings, 2012) PESTEL Analysis: (Oxford University press, 2007) Political: political issue matters a lot in any business scenario where all restriction about the trademarks, bio-diversity, quotas arguments and labelling action in dairy. Economic: Variations in foreign currency, growth in demand rather than supply worldwide, production of goods and milk prices. Continue merging of suppliers and customers are the economic factors which has to be keep in mind Social: Rapid increase in needs of consumer markets, demand in healthy and nutritive dairy milk and products. Traditional difference with regard to the demand of milk. Growth in nutrition and bio markets. Technological: Day to day change in technology affecting the production of products and to upgrade the quality and the quantity in production line one must be aware of the new innovative technology coming up in the market, the new technology helps the company to bringing down the production cost because here in process the indirect heating and cooling system is required for each other, need of technology for fewer trucks which are required to transport the same quantity of milk. Environmental factors: Frequent variations in New Zealand climate have a countless influence on the atmosphere, as the necessity for goods fluctuate from time to time, dropping influence of worldwide greenhouse gases as it will recover the superiority of New Zealands environment. They have actual and safe organisation of farm performs that guards the environment from the pollution. Legal: Legal challenges from society and government is required to continue the organisation structure and so that the organisation must not have any problem in future here the Fonterra legal structure stands for the legal rights on the farms of the people and the dairy factories workers and their wages. Its Fonterra duty to train and educate the farmers about the products so that they get some knowledge about the products and also suggest way to help them out in how to improve the overall quality of these products, water and also how can they reduce the consumption of energy in farms. They must be aware about the time limit they have a conferring the rules and regulations. Company requires concentrating at future projects to enlarge its relative in terms of business so that they could provide a much better service to their stake holders and earn a higher value in return. Fonterra has made a lot in nations like Asia, Africa, Middle east, Australia, America, New Zealand but they should goal at revenue cushion above the regular return of the income, which is main in periods when there are products at cheap prices. There are two likely outcomes in future where the demand can be divided into two that are, universally the general demand for the dairy products is assumed to grow by 1.2% wh ereas the yearly rise in dairy is estimated to be 4%. Every year there is a growth in demand for dairy goods by 2.7 %, where as in a period on 10 years time the demand is calculated to be 147 billion litres. Level of opposition has enlarged at very high level even though the Fonterra has kept their global reach; this is Fonterras biggest asset as they can see that routines, taste and preferences are dissimilar from place to place. To encounter the specific demands of the consumers the local team is selected to deal with state of the customer as they will come to local demand. 3.2 Micro Environmental Scan From the beginning of Fonterra since 2001 they had a maximum share thats in excess of 95% of all New Zealand milk goods but somehow it dip to 90% in 2008-2009, with additional fall is still predictable.(Keithwoodford,2008) Anyhow it is examined that the supply been increased by some percentage in recent years. And what has been found in the market that the new entrants giving a tough competition to Fonterra and that can be risk for them in near future than it was in past. It is a true that at current structure they make easy for new entrants to take part in dairy farmer dealers by caring a high worth share on the fair value share which is really not connected to the add value to the element of the milk price. (Keith Woodford, 2008)As the renovation risk is tall of their shares, Fonterra should have an possible business structure that will help them in meeting their advance strategy and also help in dipping their recovery risk of the shares as they can properly allot returns to the dealers or farmers. To meet these business strategies and all legal procedures, the goals and objectives Fonterra must give importance on actual risk management. They should uphold the balance between the board and other mana gement staff and must have a strong relation with the all customers and stakeholders. There should be an Official strategy development plans which brings extensive procedure and happy dividends giving more planned viewpoint, for locating priorities and creation of key decisions. Consumers demand for the goods keeps on fluctuating; numerous consumers demand much more improved quality at similar price. These fluctuations in demand show that, the Fonterra can imagine that in upcoming period their customers will demand healthier quality at similar price. The new consumers demand for those goods or services which never been formed before, and old consumers demand for the new amenities or product features. This makes a tensed condition as we want to make effort on both existing and fresh consumers. Whatever may be the choice, its hard to achieve this state which can rise at any time. (Bain Company, 2005)In dairy industry the company deals with the perishable products which is hard to tr ansport from one place to other and make it fresh as it is and also economically at a long distance. Also, it pacts with very high trade hurdles on dairy products so to deal with this there must be some strategy so that the overall profit for the company increases and upsurge the effectiveness in the working. (Gehlhar M.J,2009). Fonterra must use the research and development team to evaluate more economic, healthy and quality product so that which must be naturally and ecologically consistent. They must attract the attention of young consumers as they are life-long consumers. (Gehlhar, M.J,2009)They should change on their abilities as they can make much more revenues on the goods and services relatively than just being a exclusive manufacturer. Fonterra can also uphold their management if they can distinguish their product structures that from the competitors. To stand as a top in the market it wants labelling power and product innovation. (Gehlhar, M.J,2009). Number of increase com petence and efficiency of corporate structure (Fonterra Co-operative Group,2012) Valuation With an analysis of macro and micro scan of environment there are several of problems which have come forward. Fonterra have managed to bring some transformations in their working for higher value markets and tried to sustain with the similar strategies of maintaining low cost leadership and increased volume however Fonterras capability to uphold the spot is at danger and its business structure restricts its capacity. Following are some of the problems which need to modify with critical thinking and innovative strategy. There is clear outcome that present structure of the Fonterra is not acceptable. As per its capital structure its compulsory that its 75 per cent of shareholder approves any proposal but as per the scan it appears to be very less because his shareholders or farmers currently constantly discarding the proposal offer. The shareholders are definitely not accepting the approval because they need to be assured that the final outcome should be positive. (Allio, M.K,2005) Around the globe there is arise in fit, appropriate and environmentally friendly manufactured foods products and as a result mass production has replaced mass customization. So for getting the opportunities in overall environment for those branded manufactured foods Fonterra should be capable for changing current strategies and apply new and innovative strategy for completing the challenge in the global market. Even though they are capable of segregating their item for consumptions, Fonterra must have some distinct competences for taking in physical input which can be used in food business so that they come up with different products of competitors. Fonterra should also focus on consumer marketing, product and process innovation so that they Fonterra can get a competitive advantage by differentiating his food products which holds exceptional quality which is different from competitors. According to the science and biology, the production of dairy organization is not limited only on the farm but there is production of manufactured food products as well. The guidance from biotechnology can help Fonterra to adjust the workings by means of technology or natural resources. (Datamonitor,2008) To come up with a different product line, Fonterra should take the help of health and nutrition team which targets at particular health improvement. Data monitor (2008) further pointed out that it is essential that the team is well trained to get target at consumer health all around the world, such as: dermatology, gastrointestinal health, infant nutrition, immune health, sports health, therapeutics, bone health and animal health. Fonterras emphasis on creating of product will undeniably benefit and increase the demand in food products. (Datamonitor,2008) Fonterra is responsible for promoting all food products by advertising about product features in order to control the market. Bart and Bontis (2003) suggested that the direction is required for consumers to make them loyal towards food product. In the ever changing business environment erratic circumstances arise; Fonterra may plan an appropriate strategy for these situations, since the irregular characters. When businesses fragment at spectacular speed or when conventions can overnight be both unbridle or cripple marketplace applicants or when the value and accessibility of critical contributions may vary wildly So the strategy development of Fonterra be for situations of uncertainty.( David Calfee,2006) Successful strategies integrate multiple situations for Fonterra which creates a series of feasible strategic options; flexible enough to make alterations in unpredictable situations. (VeitEtzold, Ted Buswick, 2008) Innovation in the product occur at each stage of business, for example in 80s the Walkman with a cassette player came and replaced Discman and mp3 player soon but now what we can see in market is only iPod which has captured more than 90% of market. And it is highly likely that the iPod will be banished too one day by yet other product. So the firm should continuously have another policy or approach. So demand can modified with the time so Fonterra must be elastic in getting those demand within the time bracket. (VeitEtzold, Ted Buswick, 2008). Still, if satisfactory variations are not ready, or if ready but its not adequate to avoid the risk of fiscal risks, it must use the monetarist policy as a substitute option for taking care for those risks scheduled carefully and always taking note in mind the characteristic problems of that approach. (Tristan Nguyen, 2011)

Influence and Creativity Essay -- Individuality Culture Media Essays

Influence and Creativity I have a habit of noticing redundancies in other people. Their personalities and their thoughts just seem so similar: daughters trying to be like mothers, or sons trying to be like fathers, or friends trying to be like each other. In my mind the sense of "self" that we as human beings have is more of a delusion than a reality, where we are nothing but the products of a multitude of influences throughout our lives. Did I ever have an original thought in my life? Or is it always someone else's idea that I am only repeating? What does it mean to be a human being without original thought and creativity? I talk like my friends do. I learned body language from my parents, stories from movies and books, perspectives on life from parents or philosophers or friends or teachers. Despite the myriad of thoughts that make up my personality, I feel as if I only absorbed my surroundings with no real personal creation. My parents keep asking me: "Who have you been hanging out with? Why do you a ct like this?" as if they already know that the comments I make, or the movies I enjoy or any of my other sudden preferences and mannerisms are not my own. When we are young, the adults tell us that "everyone is `special,' but how could I believe in this idea of personal creativity and uniqueness when there are so many influences that I copy in my life? Of course, the term "creativity" is almost inherently ambiguous. What do I hope to achieve, or more specifically, what do I feel that I lack because of this supposed lack of personal creativity? When I think of creative minds, I imagine Pablo Picasso or Thomas Edison and the contributions they have made to society or the impact on our emotions. But fame or critical acclaim a... ...y mine. I don't see creativity as being some sort of individual contest that must be won as an indication of my uniqueness and verification of my or anyone's human value. And although I don't think I fully understand the greater picture regarding the role of influence of creativity in my life and society, maybe the answer is not nearly as complex as it seems. Maybe creativity is a societal, collective process in which everyone has a role. I like to think that the point of creativity and the creative process is not to individually labor over the seminal work of the century, or to painstakingly differentiate one's self from others. Creativity should be about the pure enjoyment of having been involved, influencing others and being influenced, combining ideas and preserving those that speak to us, discovering and appreciating all that which is greater than ourselves.

Edward Jenner, and Jane Jacobs Essay

This study gives an account of two authors’ works, Edward Jenner and Jane Jacobs who unusually employed scientific methods while researching and writing their novels. The study backs up on this proclamation by providing example and evidence from their text in reference to the books, â€Å"The Death and Life of Great American Cities† by Jane Jacobs and â€Å"Vaccination against small pox† by Edward Jenner. Although, both writers belong to completely different genre where one is a surgeon and the other an urban planner, both used logical explanation providing a method. In other words both are empiricists. Empiricism is a hypothesis of wisdom which states that knowledge crops up from experience. Edward Jenner’s work: Edward Jenner established a method which indicated that vaccination was an effective way of obstructing smallpox. For countless centuries, smallpox overwhelmed mankind. In current period we do not have to be concerned about it and all the credit goes to the incredible effort of Edward Jenner and afterward progress from his accomplishments. The famous scientist, in his three revolutionary expositions contains his proof in support of vaccination and illustrates individual cases. The once-feared curse of smallpox has been eliminated by blockade inoculation. Edward Jenner, in his works on Smallpox, very thoroughly documents all of his cases. In the background of medical science in the 18th century, this study was a major advancement as it takes up countless fittings of contemporary investigational science we take for-granted today: neutrality, hypothesis, and most significantly, reproducibility. Jenner creates a persuasive case that is beached upon information and direct surveillance in spite of the lack of severe controls and precise arithmetical examination. Edward became aware of the tradition that milkmaids who had cowpox could not acquire smallpox, a sickness which affects cattle. Jenner used a scientific method which included developing a hypothesis, formulating an experiment, performing the experiment, and taking comprehensive notes used to verify or invalidate the hypothesis. He describes many of his cases including that of Joseph Merret, Sarah Portlock and Mary Barge who all had smallpox as a result of different circumstances. Edward Jenner than made an observation as he writes â€Å"As I have observed, they who have had the smallpox, and are employed in milking cows which are infected with the cow-pox, either escape the disorder, or have sores on the hands without feeling any general indisposition† (Edward Jenner, pg 15). He then conducted experiments in order to prove this hypothesis. Jenner injected the cowpox virus into a hale and hearty boy named James Phipps who was eights years old. Afterward, he intentionally infused the smallpox virus into the boy. The boy did not surrender to smallpox, even after repetitive injections. Jenner conducted this experiment on a total of thirteen patients using cowpox as a vaccine and thus reached to the result, â€Å"After the many fruitless attempts to give the smallpox to those who had had the cow-pox, it did not appear†. (Edward Jenner, pg 29) Jane Jacobs work: The other example used here of work by research and methodology is of Jane Jacobs. The evidence of her work tactics as methodical is taken from her novel â€Å"The Death and Life of Great American Cities†. Jane Jacobs pioneering work is over three decades old which not only disrupted the conservative ideas on the construction of cities and assisted in reshaping city development, but she did this as an unskillful and as a woman, both historically frowned on in the world of academic psychiatry. With graceful and expressive writing style, Jane’s work guides us to consider every ingredient of parks, sidewalks, district, administration and economy, as a collaborative element encircling both, structure and going further to the implementation dynamics of our environment. Jane Jacobs acquired no proper education in architecture or urban development. She relied on personal interpretation of her environment in her town Greenwich in New York City to provide material for her accusations against the imposing gurus of the architectural occupation. Jacobs starts off by making an observation of brief history of where recent city development came from. â€Å"The Death and Life of Great American Cities† mainly contains observations made by common sense alongside statistical evidence, finances, sociology and values at the base of the author’s opinion. In her point of view, the muddle we identify as cities nowadays emerged from Utopian futurist from Europe and America in the beginning of 19th century. Jacobs claimed that modern system for of planning cities discards the city because it shows no regard to people residing in a society exemplified by layered complications and showing havoc. Now planners use reasoning based on presumptions to find ideology by which to plan cities. Of these strategies, the most ferocious was urban restitution; the most common was separation of uses (i. e. housing and business). She believes that these policies damages societies and inventive economies by forming remote, deviant urban areas. For Jacobs, the solution to this problem, leading to victorious city rests on one word: diversity. In the writers’ perception, this deficiency in diversification results in financial decline, slums, felony, and terrors that are all too known to listeners of the evening news. Cities that function in finest way, utilizes an extensive range of varied interests that draw people and not repel them. Unfortunately, administrator and social planners always believe that planning from the top is better always better than taking and initiative from the bottom. Jacobs concludes that all of these plans persist to apply pressure on the modern city, and that all of them are a failure. Jane Jacobs takes us on an instructive journey throughout the tribulations of modern urban foundation which is synthetically engineered to meet political and financial program. After reading this, we have a greater and clearer understanding of the inherent character of our cities as foundations should be. References Jenner, Edward. 1996. Vaccination against Smallpox. Published by Prometheus Books Hopkins, Donald. 2002. The Greatest Killer: Smallpox in History. Published by the University of Chicago Press Jacobs, Jane. 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. Published by Vintage books Lynch, Kevin. 1960. The Image of the City. Published by The MIT Press Bazin, Herve. 2000. The Eradication of Smallpox: Edward Jenner and the First and Only Eradication of a Human Infectious Disease. Published by Academic Press

Persuasive essay about abortions Essays

Persuasive essay about abortions Essays Persuasive essay about abortions Paper Persuasive essay about abortions Paper Essay Topic: Persuasive Abortion has been one of the biggest controversies of all time. Many people believe it is 100% wrong and even consider it to be murder. The definition of abortion is; â€Å"The termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo prior to being capable of normal growth.† These pro-life believers do not support the idea of abortion and believe it should be illegal. Many of these supporters do not know that if abortion were illegal they would still be performed, unfortunately by an uneducated staff. Over 70 thousand maternal deaths occur every year because of unsafe abortions. These women die, so the idea of supporting pro-life is contradictory, this is why the nation should be pro-choice. Pro-choice believers support the right to privacy and the idea women should have the choice to do what they please with their own body and unborn child. As an example, a woman is raped by a man and becomes pregnant with his child. She decides she doesn’t want to keep the baby and she has an abortion because the idea of raising a child of her rapist is too painful for her to deal with. Pro-choice defenders take sympathies to this woman while she then gets called a murderer by pro-life supporters. Abortions sometimes results in the woman being harassed because of the choice she has made about her own body. Sometime situations like this turns into harassment which can be considered to be part of anti-abortion violence. These â€Å"pro-life supporters† stalk, threaten, and even sometimes kill women who have chosen to have an abortion and even the doctors that provide the procedures. Pro-life also supports the idea that every child has a right to live, even if the mother is not financially able to support the child and the child would struggle everyday along with their mother. These children would be underprivileged and could potentially die from the circumstances they’ve be forced to live in. Again this is what people that are considered to be â€Å"pro-life† defend. Pro-choice supports the girl that is fifteen years old loses her virginity and becomes pregnant because she wasn’t fully aware of the consequences of her actions. The choice of her keeping the child would result in her getting kicked out of her home, she’d be finically unable to support the baby, and she would lose her education. With abortion she would not have to deal with these issues, though she would have to deal with the emotional aspect of  deciding to terminate the pregnancy. Pro-choice supports the idea she would learn from her mistake and that ultimately it was her choice to do what she wished with her body. Even though these â€Å"Pro Life supporters† think giving up your child for adoption is a better choice than an abortion, but those children would be forced to live in an unfit foster home till they age out of the system. After they turn 18 they are out on the streets what makes the women who would rather just have an abortion have to think about when they know their child is in a foster home and probably no better off than where they would be if she would have just kept it? You have to deal with the emotional circumstances after an abortion for a while but you have to deal with not knowing what the child you gave up has to go through on a daily basis everyday of your life is a lot harder than the emotional toll of an abortion Even though many people practice pro-life because of their religion, it may be surprising to learn that catholic women are 29% more likely to get an abortion than Protestant women, though they are as likely as all women to do so. In Christianity abortion has been considered homicide since Pope Sixtus V declared it so, but the debate didn’t become heated until the 19th century. So even these pro-life supporters sometimes find the circumstances where abortion is necessary. An example of a situation where you may see this is in a given situation where bearing a child and giving birth would kill the mother because of health issues or womb complications the fetus would have. It’s said that the risks of death associated with childbirth is 10 times higher than that of abortion. This proves that life is too situational to say whether or not abortion should be illegal. About 14,000 women get abortions fallowing rape. It is also estimated that there are millions abortions a year. Imagine that those abortions had not occurred with the current population issue in the world, there are over 7 billion people on the planet and we have limited resources which are fading quickly. Pro-life supporters do not see the situations, reasons, and â€Å"benefits† from abortions. They are ignorant to the reason why many women choose to make the decision they do. It is clear abortion should remain legal; even if it seems immoral it can often be the best situation for the  people that have to make that tough decision. Pro-choice defends and protects the people, it is ultimately the woman’s life that would be affected and no one else’s, who would the government be to take that away from us the people? We live in a country based on freedoms, and women have and should continue to have the freedom to that choice. Also, if women are forced to bear the child and give it up or have to keep it there will be so many young girls on welfare and food stamps. Even unemployment because they don’t have the means to take care of these children but are being forced to keep them. Our country in already in debt why are we going to force people to bring in these children just for the government to have to pay to take care of them and be put even further into debt? What do you think about abortion should women be able to make their own decision on whether they should keep THEIR child or get an abortion? View as multi-pages

Martin Thembisile (Chris) Hani, South African Activist

Martin Thembisile (Chris) Hani, South African Activist Chris Hani (born Martin Thembisile Hani; June 28, 1942–April 10, 1993) was a charismatic leader in the African National Congress (ANC) militant wing (uMkhonto we Sizwe or MK) and the secretary-general of the South African Communist Party. Considered a threat to both the extreme-right wing in South Africa and the new, moderate leadership of the African National Congress, his assassination had a significant impact on his countrys transition from apartheid. Fast Facts: Martin Thembisile (Chris) Hani Known For:  South African activist, chief of staff of uMkhonto we Sizwe, and secretary-general of the Communist Party whose assassination was pivotal in South Africas transition from apartheidAlso Known As:  Chris HaniBorn:  June 28, 1942 in Comfimvaba, Transkei, South AfricaParents: Gilbert  and Mary HaniDied:  April 10, 1993 in Dawn Park, Boksburg, South AfricaEducation: Matanzima Secondary School at Cala, Lovedale Institute, University of Fort Hare, Rhodes UniversityPublished Works:  My LifeSpouse: Limpho HaniChildren: Nomakhwezi, Neo, and LindiweNotable Quote: My studies of literature further strengthened my hatred of all forms of oppression, persecution and obscurantism. The action of tyrants as portrayed in various literary works also made me hate tyranny and institutionalised oppression. Early Life Martin Thembisile (Chris) Hani was born on June 28, 1942 in the small, rural town of Comfimvaba, Transkei. He was the fifth of six children. His father, a migrant worker in the Transvaal mines, sent what money he could back to the family in Transkei. His mother worked on a subsistence farm to supplement the family income. Hani and his siblings walked 25 kilometers to school each weekday and the same distance to church on Sundays. Hani was a devout Catholic and became an altar boy at the age of 8. He wanted to become a priest, but his father would not give him permission to enter the seminary. Education and Politicization When Hani was 11 years old, the South African government introduced the Black Education Act of 1953. The act formalized the segregation of black schooling and laid the foundation for Bantu Education and Hani, at a young age, became aware of the limitations that the apartheid system imposed on his future: [T]his angered and outraged us and paved the way for my involvement in the struggle. In 1956, at the start of the Treason Trial, he joined the African National Congress (ANC)- his father was already a member of the ANC. In 1957 he joined the ANC Youth League. One of his teachers at school, Simon Makana, may have influenced this decision. Hani matriculated from Lovedale High School in 1959 and went to university at Fort Hare to study modern and classical literature in English, Greek, and Latin. Hani is said to have identified with the plight of Roman commoners suffering under the control of its nobility. Fort Hare had a reputation as a liberal campus, and it was here that Hani was exposed to the Marxist philosophy that influenced his future career. The Extension of University Education Act (1959) put an end to black students attending white universities (mainly the Universities of Cape Town and Witwatersrand) and created separate tertiary institutions for Whites, Coloured, Blacks, and Indians. Hani was active in campus protests over the takeover of Fort Hare by the Department of Bantu Education. He graduated in 1962 from Rhodes University in Grahamstown with a Bachelors degree in classics and English, just ahead of being expelled for political activism. Exploring Communism Hanis uncle had been active in the Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA). The organization was founded in 1921 but had dissolved itself in response to the Suppression of Communism Act of 1950. Ex-Communist Party members had continued to operate in secret and then formed the underground South African Communist Party (SACP) in 1953. In 1961, after a move to Cape Town, Hani joined the SACP. The following year he joined uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK), the militant wing of the ANC. With his high level of education, he quickly rose through the ranks; within months he was a member of the leadership cadre, the Committee of Seven. Arrest and Exile In 1962, Hani was arrested for the first of several times under the Suppression of Communism Act. In 1963, having tried and exhausted all the possible legal appeals against conviction, he followed his father into exile in Lesotho, a small country landlocked within South Africa. Hani was sent to the Soviet Union for military training and returned to Africa in 1967 to take an active role in the Rhodesian bush war, acting as a political commissar in the Zimbabwe Peoples Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA). Work With Zipra ZIPRA, under the command of Joshua Nkomo, operated out of Zambia. Hani was present for three battles during the Wankie Campaign (fought in the Wankie Game Reserve against Rhodesian forces) as part of the Luthuli Detachment of combined ANC and Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU) forces. Although the campaign provided much-needed propaganda for the struggle in Rhodesia and South Africa, in military terms it was a failure. The local population frequently informed on guerrilla groups to the police. In early 1967, Hani made a narrow escape into Botswana, only to be arrested and detained in prison for two years for weapons possession. Hani returned to Zambia at the end of 1968 to continue his work with ZIPRA. Rising in the ANC, MK, and the SACP In 1973 Hani transferred to Lesotho. There, he  organized  units of the MK for guerrilla operations in South Africa. By 1982, Hani had become prominent enough in the ANC to be the focus of several assassination attempts, including at least one car bomb. He was transferred from the Lesotho capital of Maseru to the  center  of the ANC political leadership in Lusaka, Zambia. That year he was elected to the membership of the ANC National Executive Committee, and by 1983 he had been promoted to political commissar of the MK, working with student recruits who joined the ANC in exile after the  1976 student uprising. When dissident ANC members, who were being held in detention camps in Angola, mutinied against their harsh treatment in 1983–1984, Hani had a part in the uprisings suppression. Hani continued to rise through the ANC ranks and in 1987 he became the chief of staff of the MK. During the same  period,  he rose to senior  membership  of the SACP. Return to South Africa After the unbanning of ANC and SACP on February 2, 1990, Hani returned to South Africa and became a charismatic and popular speaker in townships. By 1990 he was known to be a close associate of Joe Slovo, the secretary-general of the SACP. Both Slovo and Hani were considered dangerous figures in the eyes of South Africas extreme right: the Afrikaner Weerstandsbewging (AWB, Afrikaner Resistance Movement) and the Conservative Party (CP). When Slovo announced that he had cancer in 1991, Hani took over as secretary-general. In 1992, Hani stepped down as chief of staff of uMkhonto we Sizwe to devote more time to the  organization  of the SACP. Communists were prominent in the ANC and the Council of South African Trade Unions, but were under threat- the collapse of the Soviet Union in Europe had discredited the movement  worldwide. Helping the SACP Rise Hani campaigned for the SACP in townships around South Africa, seeking to redefine its place as a national political party. It was soon doing well- better than the ANC in fact- especially amongst the young. The youth had no real experiences of the pre-apartheid era and no commitment to the democratic ideals of the more moderate Mandela and his cohort. Hani is known to have been charming, passionate, and charismatic and he soon attracted a cult-like following. He was the only political leader who seemed to have influence over the radical township  self-defense  groups that had parted from the authority of the ANC. Hanis SACP would have proved a serious match for the ANC in the 1994 elections. Assassination On April 10, 1993, as he returned home to the racially mixed suburb of Dawn Park,  Boksburg  near Johannesburg, Hani was assassinated by  Janusz  Walus, an anti-Communist Polish refugee who had close links to the white nationalist AWB. Also implicated in the assassination was Conservative Party member of parliament Clive Derby-Lewis. Legacy Hanis death came at a critical time for South Africa. The SACP had been on the brink of attaining significant status as an independent political party, but it now found itself bereft of funds (due to the Soviet collapse in Europe) and without a strong leader- and the democratic process was faltering. The assassination helped persuade the bickering negotiators of the Multi-Party Negotiating Forum to finally set a date for South Africas first democratic election. Walus and Derby-Lewis were captured, sentenced, and jailed shortly after the assassination- within six months. Both were sentenced to death. In a peculiar twist, the new government (and constitution) that they had actively fought against, caused their sentences to be commuted to life imprisonment because the death penalty had been ruled unconstitutional. In 1997 Walus and Derby-Lewis applied for amnesty through the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) hearings. Despite their claims that they were working for the Conservative Party, and therefore the assassination had been a political act, the TRC effectively ruled that Hani had been assassinated by right-wing extremists who were apparently acting independently. Walus and Derby-Lewis are currently serving their sentence in a maximum-security prison near Pretoria. Sources Hani, Chris. My Life. South Africa Communist Party, 1991.The OMalley Archives.  The Death of Chris Hani:  An African Misadventure.

The Grand Inquisitor - The Hidden Meaning Assignment

The Grand Inquisitor - The Hidden Meaning - Assignment Example The theme of this extract is woven around the idea of Christ revisiting earth during this time and at this particular place, when the Grand Inquisitor gets Him arrested on the charge of being a heretic. Many critics have tried to interpret this extract as a satire aimed at the modern theology in general and on the Roman Catholic Church in particular. However, a thorough and well meditated reading of the text, emphatically leads to the conclusion that The Grand Inquisitor is a narrative imbued with multiple meanings, a catechism for modern times, which unravels the deeper meaning of faith and grace, while to all intents and purposes, pretending to shatter the very ideals that constitute the core of the Christian faith. Perhaps the author has purposefully left the meaning of this parable to be ambiguous; thereby allowing faiths of all hews and shades to interpret it in consonance with their beliefs and values. One particular thing to be noted about this parable is that it is set in the times of Inquisition. In that context the Inquisition is not merely to be interpreted as a mere incident in the European history, but rather a slice of time when the religion had utterly ossified, deprived of all living force and verve, vehemently sustaining itself by lighting the piers of hundreds of so called heretics amidst all the courtly sophistication and urban fanfare. Dostoevsky paints the gory details of Inquisition at the very start of the parable. So, if one interprets the things in that perspective, one comes around a sense of faith that had ceased to be life giving and salvaging, cruelly nipping all curiosity and enquiry in the very bud, while believing it to be the custodian of the ultimate mysteries of life. Amidst this enervating ambience, Dostoevsky draws the advent of Christ as the influx of a gush of fresh air amidst the fires of hell. The coming of Christ is presented by the writer as an event that is promising of healing and life. Surprisingly, even after a gap of fifteen hundred years, the laity in the parable is able to recognize Christ. The author does not extend any logical explanation for this fact. Yet, the people are shown as flocking around Him, as a herd of wayward sheep gathers around its shepherd. Christ is presented as an antithesis to the realities of Inquisition, a timeless Icon oozing out grace and hope by His very presence. In the parable, the ninety year old Grand Inquisitor is a symbolic figure in the sense that his austerity commands fear and intimidation, though for all practical purposes he stands to be the representative of the Holy See. He is introduced to the readers as â€Å"an old man, almost ninety, tall and erect, with a withered face and sunken eyes (Dostoevsky: Online)†. The very age and coarse apparel of the Grand Inquisitor are symbolic of decay and demise, which is the common plight of a pool deprived of any life giving and gushing inlet of faith. In that context, the Grand Inquisitor emerges more a s the custodian of a fiefdom, carved out in the name of God, and the very presence of the Savior poses a challenge to his status quo and all that he stands for at that place and in those times. Hence, the natural reaction of the Grand Inquisitor is that he gets the Savior arrested and confined to the dark cells of the prison. Eventually, it is the monologue that the Grand

Leadership (Nelson Mandela) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leadership (Nelson Mandela) - Essay Example Nelson Mandela started his Bachelor studies at University College of Fort Hare but did not complete the degree. He was expelled from school for joining in a student protest. He completed his BA from the University of South Africa and went back to Fort Hare for his graduation in 1943. Meanwhile he started studying law in the University of Witwatersrand. He was weak in studies and left the University without graduating. He again started studying from London University after his imprisonment in the year 1962 and then also he could not complete his degree. In the year 1989 he was graduated by the absentia ceremony in Cape Town. A two year diploma allowed Nelson to practice law in Africa. Nelson Mandela was caught in a countrywide police Swoop. Men and women of all the races found themselves in the dock for marathon trial including Nelson Mandela (Harris 35-40). Nelson Mandela is one of the people to achieve almost universal respect around the world and across the political spectrums. Racial discrimination is one major global social issue where agitation was raised leaded by Nelson Mandela. His role in fighting with struggle of oppressed people around the world and the ability of crisis of its rebirth gave him an international reputation. Mandela was the first elected president in 1994. He tackled the challenges making unity between both countries’ racial grouping and fragmented public services. The African National Congress is one of major party in Government of South Africa. ANC was founded in the year 1912 with an aim to create the South African Union which started institutionalizing on racial discrimination against the blacks. As the leader of South Africa, Nelson Mandela faces many challenges for leading his countrymen into the twenty first century. People have been divided and affected by years of racism, who introduced many ra ces and cultures. He was served peace, unity, and changes for the